Opinion depot

My take

                          Let's face it

The way to approach the current situation in Ethiopia is to closely study the development so far and look for where and how the current unrest surfaced. With a population of 90 million and growing with tens of ethnic groups here and there, it shouldn't be a surprise if things somewhere, somehow get out of control. The most important thing to do, as a capable government is to weigh and react to the depth of  the cause accordingly. This is very important in case the government loses grasp of the changing situations.

It is imperative that the elite, like everywhere else in the world, effectively plan the vision for the country. It is also a necessary requirement to closely monitor the conditions of applications for any well studied plans on the ground. There can be various reasons a proposal that is meant for the good of the people can be misunderstood and rejected by some layers of the community. It can be a culprit for the watchdogs that yearn to spread their own agenda as a destabilizing confusion that can convince the unsuspecting and easy going section of the population. There shouldn't be a room given for granted for people's trust to work the system out. Instead, any viable cause that results in the uprooting of the otherwise traditionally accustomed way of life should be clearly negotiated to avoid unexpected developments.

There is also another vital area to assess when talking about dealing with a population that constitutes any country. Being secretive may be to the advantage of playing an effective leadership role as long as the outcomes prove to be ahead of the game and there is an overwhelming appreciation for the farsightedness of the idea. Otherwise, involving the individuals or groups that can play an inclusive role will save the ruling party from creating alienated and disgruntled citizens who will find it easy to feel they haven't got much to lose from the demise of the system. I say this because offering an inclusive system for those who would rather chose to be part of a national cause would be good for stability and a peaceful coexistence within a diverse society.

When I turn pages and pages of opinions which are sometimes believed to be the driving forces for some discord among significant groups (could be as large as the ethnic group such as Oromo initiatives), I am compelled to make my own conclusion about why some issues succeed in looking legitimate to the extent of being accepted by a reasonable majority in the group, but do not have the capacity to hold their influence nationally. The way to tackle those kinds of movements that tend to be narrow  minded, is by letting them vent their fury until they realize they are surrounded with a self serving and in most cases undemocratic agenda at its inception. Those groups are already proving to be inefficient by lacking a broad minded approach to those with differing opinions, including outright dismissal of their dogma by painting them with being the stooges of the enemy or the other side. When one thinks of what "the other side" means, it is nothing other than building fences so that constructive ideas and tolerance for other causes gets blocked, yielding no options for reconciliation, renegotiation, revision, and as a result formulate a reconstructed view to fit the will of the overwhelming majority, in  a way that makes a national sense.

This kind of behavior emanates from emotion rather than reason. One can realize this kind of compulsive attitude by reading through what they may address to their audiences. Coating the beginning of their statements with some realities they may find hard to ignore, it is in the main body of their message that one can learn what  they stand for. Most of their points are illusive, mainly filled with old time hatred than contemporary solutions for  contemporary problems, thus placing them as far behind in progress as possible.

My opinion thus far is not meant to appreciate one group and denigrate the other, as there can be no positive progress that way. As an observer from the side, I can easily tell what I see is not to the level of my expectation from all sides, hoping this will alert all stakeholders that failing to correct problems at their inception, no matter which group it may be, is a sign for a dark future in the making. 
My take

       Why it is important to analyze before critic


In this multifaceted and diverse world of ours, there are usually many ways of looking at any issue we are facing in our daily life. In some cases the issues may be too local to be complex enough to draw ones attention. More often than not, the issues are not as easy as adding one to one to get two. Issues involving the destiny of a significantly large area or population can be a daunting task to decipher, because as large as the size is, the complex nature of the situation compels one to look at the big picture in order to come to conclusions that demand oversight.
There are so many issues we need to resolve to improve the conditions of life in general. Global issues are actually the compilation of the local or regional realities that need equally important attention. Be it the climatic, poverty, leadership, or systemic issues, one has to approach them locally as well as globally to tackle them. All of them lead to political tensions if not dealt with appropriately by the concerned. That is the reason why everywhere we go we find those who lead and those who have to watch the appropriateness of the leaders.
As one goes to different places, one can easily observe the striking differences be it in  culture, literacy, scientific progress, landscape, natural resources, etc. But all of those differences are the constituents of the beauty of this world by making it ever diverse. Our planet is one, and can only be seen by a stranger (alien) as one. So, however diverse we are, the global outlook unites us whether we like it or not.
All those diversities mentioned above persuade us not to look at things at a face value. Things are deeper than some of us like to make them look. Those of us who like to simplify things and give a simpler answer, or pose simple questions to an otherwise complex situation, not only display ignorance, but also lack responsibility. As such, comments or critics that lack deep analysis about major issues that beg for answer always lead the observer to ask: Would they be capable enough to accomplish a better job if given chance, or are they just playing a destructive role because they may think they may not be affected by whatever consequence follows their immaturity. Or may be they are worried the analytic approach to mutual problems may either benefit their opponent or classify them as a proponent.

  • My take

  •                   The 2015 Election Debates
  • It was interesting to watch the 2015 election debates on important and controversial topics chosen in advance. The participating party leaders were out to stress on their fundamental policy differences with the ruling party to the extent of deviating from the issues that the government wants to focus as tangible and convincing achievements of social and structural developments in various sectors in the last decades. One of them was about Ethiopia's choice to go federal. Based on what some of the candidates consider disconcerting, I have a good reason to believe in some cases people may end up getting confused. A good example is the debate on the pros and cons of implementing the federal system in Ethiopia. The name "The Federal Government of Ethiopia" was meant to imply the system has already been in practice since the inception of the EPRDF as a ruling party. However, the debates reflected the people may not be at ease with the system; namely the way the government may be imposing on the people instead of nurturing federalism from bottom up. In my view this may show the symptoms of imperfection of making the federal system work than the negative implications of a failed process. If this is the case, then it is a normal trend for any working system that has to be truly tested to sustain as a transition rather than an end in itself. The main factors that invigorate a system are the patterns it shows either as a conforming or a suppressing instrument in response to changing realities on the ground. The fact that it hasn't progressed into a hasty disintegration of the country itself is a good proof that the motive is not meant or did not succeed (if any) to cause polarizations among ethnic groups.

  • That said, all candidates displayed a commendable knowledge about what the global picture of introducing federalism to differing countries with different realities would be. They tried to get to the nitty gritty of how many countries followed the federal system and how many failed in doing so. But they fell short of scientifically(is there one yet?)approaching the reasons why federalism succeeded in some countries and failed in others. In some cases it seemed some candidates had an honest outlook of why federalism should work smoothly in Ethiopia or otherwise. The reason given by one of the EPRDF spokesmen, for instance was; as long as people have the basic freedoms, they won't have to stick to the divisive motto of cessation because there is no need for it. In other words, they won't secede just because the freedom to do so is mentioned in article 39 of the constitution. Although this has proven to be a working principle for cooling down tempers, it always depended on who says it. So many countries may have the same or similar articles in their constitutions but the outcome proved to be devastatingly negative in some countries. The main reason is usually the fact that the opposing groups can have the ability to magnify the slightest imperfections if they think they are not welcome in the system. So, the devil is in the details. The other factors are based on how well the economy performs and how strong the government functions in terms of containing conflicts and opposing views of these nature using effective political and security defensive mechanisms.

  • With that in mind, it looks like the notion that Ethiopia was never created without regional sense shows in the peoples' wisdom to focus their attentions on the substantial growth of the over all economy and hence the infrastructure of the country as the sole basis to prove federalism works on their behalf.

  • There were also other debates, namely one that caught my attention was the foreign policy relating to the competence of the regime in running an effective foreign policy with capable representatives that can defend the country's interest when needed. The main agenda, however delayed, was about the problems with the sea outlets and the opportunities missed during the boundary decisions made in Algiers that left the country landlocked. The other most current issue that depicts a failing foreign policy is the dire situation and fatalities involving those who chose to flee the country into worse and uninviting foreign lands.

  • Until history judges who is on the right side, the events that show desperation or on the other hand, the unsuspecting naivete of the citizens who choose to flee the system by all means are open for debate,
My take

                                Dictators Know no Bounds

Eye opening developments around the globe are reminding us the world is never asleep. People speak for their rights whenever and wherever there is descent, perjury and imbalance in taking control of their destiny. It is about time the leaderships around the world are ahead of the game by understanding the welfare of the populace is not for compromise. However, there is a wide specter of regimes around the world that choose to do things with the traditional ways of wait and see attitude, which inherently affects their decision making abilities to quickly developing trends. Situations may differ from country to country but the expected results of successful policies are always obvious. The extent of damages incurred by some erroneously calculating authorities whose negative accomplishments are usually widely disclosed, depends on how far they stretch the limit when testing the resiliences of the main stream economic and political driving factors of a particular country. We all know the honest and responsible way of dealing with the ever challenging and changing social structure is well proved to be the term limit of a government that is chosen to lead. It is a historically understood phenomenon that a leadership that stays for too long gradually loses its grip on the realities of the situation, repeatedly failing to respond to the changing people's needs and aspirations. It is by then that the futile struggle to prolong the inevitable, results in the accumulation of mistakes after mistakes. 

Left: CARL VENNE, Crow Indian Tribal Chairman ...Image via Wikipedia
There are countries that understood this universal truth and made their ways to the top of the class of effective systems of government by building a relatively responsive system. No doubt, education is key to producing literate citizens, whereby the level of communication and efficiencies of management of any system is more dynamic. The question is; which comes first? Is it putting together a system that looks progressive or a system that accommodates in a delayed response by conforming itself accordingly? We all know a perfectionist policy never worked because it puts forward a formula that is not tested to falter. A delayed but timely response can be more effective in terms of satisfying the needs of the people. There are good examples that implement farsighted and relatively well equipped and working systems to learn from by not necessarily being their stooges. Why not follow them then? This is where the problem arises; depending on how well the tested systems are implemented, the opportunities given to a ruling party to lead responsibly can be transformed into a positive development in the over-all growth of the system or it can result in a backward move as in most cases witnessed so far. The details can be hard to explain but connecting the dots  will lead us to the fact that the success of a regime depends on how it came to power to begin with. If it is a group put together to lead in a haste to avoid more complications forthcoming in a country that may be engulfed in a sudden change of global or regional balance, not to mention its internal strife, then things depend on the understanding level of the regime to get back to the norm that the social status requires. Otherwise, it is easy to predict the outcome. The most recent change of leadership in Tunisia and the recent uprisings by the Egyptians and the current Libyan turmoil are very good samples for the people's reactions to prolonged dictatorial rules. 

Now, the story of change of regimes hasn't been as smooth as one may think. There are ample examples where a sudden change of regimes due to outpouring of uprisings resulted in more damaging confusions because there was no coherent movement that is ready to continue in a peaceful transition. This kind of regime change has brought countries to their knees making it very hard to recuperate by making the dreams of those who fought for change more difficult to materialize. The reason is simple. Out of frustration, the revolt usually has no clear vision about what needs to be done after the overthrow of the impending regime. Their focus is manly in overthrowing the current government, with the belief that there will be no problem what so ever in the aftermath. But the realities usually end up giving away the throne to a dictatorship that sometimes organizes within a short time to save the country from the anarchic and lawless situations. This is where planing effective transition is crucial for a revolt to be successful.

This has happened again and again in Africa. There is a generation of leaders that have led their countries for over two decades. Yet, it doesn't look they are ready to promote successive regimes that can take over without inciting power struggle that usually leads a country to a civil unrest, thus resulting in discontinuities of the direly needed economic, infrastructural and societal developments. It has already started in the north Libya Syria, and Yemen in the lead. The tendency of it moving in any direction is dependent upon the merits of the regimes on whether they want their country to start from scratch after their demise or prepare to promote a smooth transition to a higher level? From all the clues that are openly and clearly revealing in front of their eyes, it is high time dictators realize there is a limit for everything.
My take
 
In the above picture is the only outspoken opposition MP whose motion is supported by no other candidate but himself. By all votes, his motions were flanked by the majority of the MPs. My reason for stressing on this aspect of the parliamentary theatre is not to put blame or criticize the obviously strange look of the procession on one party. It is my understanding that whatever I observe in the current development of the Ethiopian economy, politics, infrastructure, and cultural activities, however one chooses to look at it, there are undeniable progresses being made. It is hard to tell the leadership is not trying to contribute to the country's welfare in its capacity. There can be problems here and there, some potentially unavoidable, others man made. Unless the country is being secretly run by a North Korea style totalitarian regime, I don't believe it is possible to have such a majority of support in the parliament without the regime doing something good for the people. But seeing Mr. Girma, the poor opposition MP who happens to be the only member to vote for his motion, it makes me think either the opposition is paying for its previous miscalculations, or the leading party has given developmental state priorities extremely high importance to the extent of blatantly avoiding gambling on building a more sustainable system, a vibrant democracy based on diverse views, mainly due to waste of the desperately needed time, or the unexpected security risks that inherently come with it. It is my sincere hope the next election will not produce a parliament that looks this odd. Something I don’t deny is that the orderly and organized meeting looks extremely different from most parliaments I know of. The questions posed by the MPs are reasonably critical and cover diverse areas, other than questioning the politically charged and sensitive questions of the life span of the EPRDF as a government, which in my opinion shows a striking difference from the times of Meles.

Expect the unexpected

The recent developments in Ukraine and Crimea have their own root causes. Whenever a determined people movement is displayed with an outpouring anger, there must have been some fundamental cause gone wrong. It was agreed by both sides; the orange movement and the Russian Federation that the level of corruption was cruel, given the worsening economic situation there. I am still having a challenging time understanding this kind of recklessness from the authorities who were "democratically" elected to serve their people not only for being unfair to their people but also in terms of lack of anticipating the outcome due to the already sensitive situation in the region after the wake of the cold war era. While the level of corruption is the main cause of the people's outburst, there could have been an alternative solution for what I regard a newly developing internal problem of Ukraine. It was best for all detractors to stay away from the conflict until things settle and the people sort out their future. As it looks, the geopolitical interest of the west and the east clashed again, interfering in the decision-making ability of the people of Ukraine to shape their future. What came about is the worsening of the east - west relation with the proclaimed 93% of Crimean's voting to secede from Ukraine. We are yet to see which way this goes.
We don't have to forget the current turmoil is happening next door to the 21st century Russia, Ukraine. The west never forgot its indulgence of eliminating communism to the last man, so it looks, however the former Soviet Union deflated to its present size. It is still a big territory and globally influential with a new drive to restore what was once known to be the Russian significance in the world politics. As one can witness, they have come a long way, but until lately they realized, when what they had been suspecting came to be heavily true; the west never slept. The west as Putin put it, know what they want and work for it persistently. It is against what most of the world population would choose - forget the cold war era and continue with the new world order of building a dynamic world community where the ideologies are never about being dominated by a single interest but rather a combination and most importantly of new but unifying world principle that doesn't necessarily reflect the emergence of a single victor. Can the west make the world a better place to live by dominating the new world order or by facilitating the diversity of the people and inventing a way to make it work for all? I think the final goal should be about establishing a unified but diverse world community rather than instigating a dominance, as the world is too big to look in a totalitarian sense. When one is equipped with these principles, one can always be prepared to lead the world with the ability and wisdom to adopt a sophisticated system where anything that is not a destabilizing factor, but a creative alternative is always a welcome gesture.

 

Does Ukraine ring the bell?

It is not my intention to stir the already troubled waters in select areas of the world, but things that unfold as time unveils itself not only draw my attention to ask what is to be expected in the near or long term in our planet that is filled with turmoil, but what to expect tomorrow.
The trending developments are extremely troubling to the extent that even the wisest and most foresighted individuals may have a hard time grasping the role the future plays on its own leaving every one else powerless to foresee the outcome.
The reason for my concern is not based on unfounded and or misguided assumptions about the welfare of our world. It is the result of being stricken not only once, twice or three times, but more often than not, by surprises that show the down grading of  the human spirit, and in some instances, cruelty of disproportionate dimensions.
Examples can be numerous. Every day we hear horror stories be it the cause of natural disaster, individuals taking the law in their hands, wars of no nonsense that turned to killing sprees by those who submit to shortfalls of anger management, and so on.
As big as this world of ours is, it is imperative to expect its intricacies can, as a result, grow exponentially. There is a tendency for the regional entities that encompass groups of countries that otherwise should have common strategies and interests for mutual development may well be the stooges of bigger influences that can instigate bigger frictions among powers whose grips on their life stream interests cannot be loosened without devastating consequences.
These are the main reasons why the world body has to create an effective system of a world government that lays ways to tackle emerging problems, some of which can get out of control, specially when least expected. If there is no predefined method of prevention against such misfortune, the only way out is getting the answer the days or years after a fierce war among the powers of interest. Historically, the two world wars so far had been the result of seeking the answer to resolve the undefined state the world once was. If this kind of price has to be paid to resolve complex world problems as a natural rule that can't be avoided, then there is nothing that can stop another one from coming, hopefully, after which a very important scientific theory may be in the coming.

The other half


It has been a while since I posted on my blog. The reason is simple. The areas of my interest, the Ethiopian politics has been murky and confused to the extent that it is below my level of expectation. The first mishap was the unexpected passing away of the legendary prime minister of Ethiopia, Meles Zenawi. It has generated a new chapter in the history of the country. There have been so many speculations about what will happen in the country after Meles. So far it is Meles after Meles, with few new developing trends in the opposition sector, the Muslim community, and the enthusiastic movement of the Blue Party. They have been forcefully demanding the right to demonstrate freely. The trend looks unforgivably controversial in that the government is adamantly insistent on applying the rule of law. It has been a challenging development for the

Meles Zenawi's Fate



He will be missed. He worked hard to transform himself and his cohorts from an ethnocentric background to a Pan African symbol. He also set priorities for the country fighting many controversial hurdles. History will be remembered by those who carefully weigh the balance between his positive vs. negative contributions.
On the eve of the final day of the person whose history had been in the making for the last 20 years, things I have been hearing about his tireless works and contributions for the transformation of not only Ethiopia but also on matters concerning Africa, I am increasingly convinced that, in spite of those whose understandings of how a populace change can show in tangible evidences is terribly deficient, the man has been a figure that twenty first century needs to remember as its own becoming in the wake of the dire needs of bringing about equitable treatment and growth environment for the countries that are left behind.
It is easy to focus on a particular mishap repeatedly to convey a message. But when one looks at the big picture, although there can be groups who can be dissatisfied due to the manners in which they were treated, denial tactic can sometimes weaken their cause. One thing to remember is, one can't blindly compare Meles Zenawi to Bin-laden who showed his bitter intent to destroy his enemies. One can understand if people showed relief on Binladen's death, but those who act in an analogous way for the PM's passing, are either blind folded or live in a confined environment where they listen only to themselves. With this kind of uncultivated behavior, it is easy to predict their negativity will always be their hurdle if they don't start leading a true life of changing with the ever-changing world of ours. Otherwise, I can sure guess they will lag far behind the scenes of the progressive world.
I am not saying this because I am inclined to supporting one group or the other for some mutually identifiable reasons - the way I see ideologies are oriented in the Ethiopian political arena these days. I am doing this as an observer and a responsible well-wisher for the stability of the unquestionable regional power in the Horn of Africa. It is not my intention to establish a utopian state where there are no opposing views. I am of the belief that diverse views shouldn't necessarily base their policies out of hate by assuming their side is the only choice as the right vision for the country. This kind of belief is where everything goes wrong by shutting off all the possible routes for the developing and sustained progress in the transformation of the country.

From the Editor.

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แ‰ แ‹ณแŠ•แŠคแˆ แŠญแ‰ฅแˆจแ‰ต


แŠ แŠ•แ‹ต แ‹จแŠ แ‰ตแŠญแˆแ‰ต แ‰ฆแ‰ณ แ‹จแАแ‰ แˆจแ‹ แˆฐแ‹ แАแ‰ แˆจ፡፡ แˆฐแ‹แ‹ฌแ‹ แ‹จแŠ แ‰ตแŠญแˆแ‰ต แ‰ฆแ‰ณแ‹ แŠ แˆตแŒ แˆ‹แ‹แŠ“ แˆˆแˆ˜แˆธแŒฅ แˆแˆˆแŒˆ፡፡ แŠจแ‹šแ‹ซแˆ แ‹ˆแ‹ฐ แŠ แŠ•แ‹ต แ‹จแ‰ณแ‹ˆแ‰€ แ‰ฃแˆˆ แ‰…แŠ” แ‹˜แŠ•แ‹ฐ แŠ แˆ˜แˆซ፡፡ «แ‹จแŠ แ‰ตแŠญแˆแ‰ต แ‰ฆแ‰ณแ‹ฌแŠ• แˆ˜แˆธแŒฅ แŠฅแˆแˆแŒ‹แˆˆแˆ፤ แŒˆแ‹ฅแ‹Žแ‰ฝ แŠฅแŠ•แ‹ฒแˆ˜แŒกแˆแŠ แŠ แŠ•แ‰ฐ แŠฅแ‰ฃแŠญแˆ…แŠ• แˆ›แˆตแ‰ณแ‹ˆแ‰‚แ‹ซแ‹แŠ• แˆฅแˆซแˆแŠ፡፡ แАแŒˆแˆญ แŒแŠ• แŠฅแ‰ฃแŠญแˆ… แ‹ซแˆˆแ‹แŠ•แˆ แŠ แ‰ณแˆตแ‰€แˆญ፣ แ‹จแˆŒแˆˆแ‹แŠ•แˆ แŠ แ‰ตแŒจแˆแˆญ» แ‰ฅแˆŽ แŒ แ‹จแ‰€แ‹แŠ“ แ‰ แ‹‹แŒ‹ แ‰ฐแˆตแˆ›แˆ™፡፡ แ‹จแŠ แ‰ตแŠญแˆแ‰ต แ‰ฆแ‰ณแ‹ แ‰ฃแˆˆแ‰คแ‰ตแˆ แˆˆแ‰ณแ‹ˆแ‰€ แŒ‹แ‹œแŒฃ แ‹จแˆ›แˆตแ‰ณแ‹ˆแ‰‚แ‹ซแ‹แŠ• แˆ‚แˆณแ‰ฅ แŠจแแˆŽ แˆ„แ‹ฐ፡፡ แ‰ฃแˆˆแ‰…แŠ”แ‹แˆ แ‹ˆแ‹ฐ แŠ แ‰ตแŠญแˆแ‰ต แ‰ฆแ‰ณแ‹ แˆ„แ‹ถ แŠฅแ‹จแ‰ฐแ‹˜แ‹‹แ‹ˆแˆจ แˆณแ‹ญแ‰€แŠ•แˆตแˆ፣ แˆณแ‹ญแŒจแˆแˆญแˆ แŠ แ‹จแ‹፡፡
แ‰ แˆณแˆแŠ•แ‰ฑ แ‹ซแŠ•แŠ• แ‹จแŠ แ‰ตแŠญแˆแ‰ต แ‰ฆแ‰ณ แ‰ แ‰ฐแˆ˜แˆˆแŠจแ‰ฐ แ‰ฃแˆˆแ‰…แŠ”แ‹ แˆ›แˆตแ‰ณแ‹ˆแ‰‚แ‹ซแ‹แŠ• แˆ แˆญแ‰ถ แ‰ แ‰ฐแŠจแˆแˆˆแ‰ แ‰ต แŒ‹แ‹œแŒฃ แˆ‹แ‹ญ แŠฅแŠ•แ‹ฒแˆ… แˆฒแˆ แŠ แ‹ˆแŒฃแ‹፡፡
«แ€แˆแ‹ญ แ‰ แˆแˆฅแˆซแ‰… แˆตแ‰ตแ‹ˆแŒฃ แ‰ฅแˆญแˆƒแŠ•แ‹‹แŠ• แ‹ซแˆˆ แˆƒแˆณแ‰ฅ แ‹จแˆแ‰ณแˆตแ‰ฐแŠ›แ‰ แ‰ต፣ แˆ›แ‰ณ แ‰ แˆแ‹•แˆซแ‰ฅ แˆตแ‰ตแŒˆแ‰ฃ แ‹ฐแŒแˆž แŒจแˆจแˆฎแ‰ฟแŠ• แ‹จแˆแ‰ตแˆฐแ‰ แˆตแ‰ฅแ‰ แ‰ต፤ แŠจแ‹ณแˆญ แˆ†แАแ‹ แˆ˜แˆตแŠฉแŠ• แˆฒแ‹ซแ‹ฉแ‰ต แŠ แ‹ณแˆ แŒฅแˆŽแ‰ต แ‹จแ‹ˆแŒฃแ‹แŠ• แŒˆแАแ‰ต แ‹จแˆšแ‹ซแˆตแ‰ณแ‹แˆต፤ แ‹จแАแ‹แˆฑแŠ• แˆˆแˆตแˆ‹แˆณ แˆ™แ‹šแ‰ƒ แ‰ฐแŠจแ‰ตแˆˆแ‹ แ‹›แŽแ‰น แŠจแ‹ˆแŒˆแ‰ฃแ‰ธแ‹ แ‰ แˆ‹แ‹ญ แˆฒแ‹˜แŠ“แˆแˆ‰ แ‰ แ‰ณแ‹ˆแ‰€ แ‹จแˆ™แ‹šแ‰ƒ แ‰ฃแˆˆแˆžแ‹ซ แ‹จแˆšแˆ แˆˆแŒฅแŠ‘ แ‹ˆแŒฃแ‰ต แˆ™แ‹šแ‰€แŠžแ‰ฝแŠ• แ‹จแˆšแˆ˜แˆตแˆ‰แ‰ แ‰ต፤ แŠจแ‰€แŠ แ‰ แŠฉแˆ แˆ˜แŠ•แŒญแ‰ถ แ‹ˆแ‹ฐ แŒแˆซ แ‹จแˆšแˆแˆตแˆฐแ‹ แˆแŠ•แŒญ แ‰ แ‰ขแˆซแ‰ขแˆฎแ‹Žแ‰ฝ แŠฅแŠ“ แ‰ แŠ•แ‰ฆแ‰ฝ แˆฒแ‰ณแŒ€แ‰ฅ แŠจแ‰ƒแŠ“ แ‹ˆแ‹ญแŠ• แ‰คแ‰ต แ‹จแˆšแˆแˆตแˆต แ‹จแ‹ˆแ‹ญแŠ• แŒ…แˆจแ‰ต แ‹จแˆšแˆ˜แˆตแˆแ‰ แ‰ต፤ แ‰ แ‹ˆแŠ•แ‹™ แˆ‹แ‹ญ แ‹จแˆšแŠ•แˆแˆ‹แˆฐแˆฑแ‰ต แ‹ณแŠญแ‹ฌแ‹Žแ‰ฝ แŠฅแŠ“ แ”แˆŠแŠซแŠ–แ‰ฝ แ‰กแ‹ตแŠ• แŠฅแ‹จแˆ แˆฉ แ‹จแˆšแ‹ซแ‹ฐแˆญแŒ‰แ‰ต แ‹‹แŠ“ แˆ˜แˆ‹แŠฅแŠญแ‰ต แ‰ แ‹จแАแŒˆแ‹ณแ‰ธแ‹ แ‹จแ‹ˆแˆจแ‹ฑ แ‹จแˆšแˆ˜แˆตแˆ‰แ‰ แ‰ต แŠ แŠ•แ‹ต แ‹จแŠ แ‰ตแŠญแˆแ‰ต แ‰ฆแ‰ณ แˆˆแˆฝแ‹ซแŒญ แ‰€แˆญแ‰งแˆ፡፡ แ‰ แˆšแŠจแ‰ฐแˆˆแ‹ แŠ แ‹ตแˆซแˆป แˆ„แ‹ณแ‰ฝแˆ แ‰ แˆ›แ‹จแ‰ต แŒแ‹™፡፡»
แ‹ญแˆ… แˆ›แˆตแ‰ณแ‹ˆแ‰‚แ‹ซ แŠจแ‹ˆแŒฃ แ‰ แŠ‹แˆ‹ แ‰ฃแˆˆแ‰คแ‰ฑ แŠจแ‰ฐแ‹‹แ‹‹แˆ‰แ‰ต แ‰ แˆ‹แ‹ญ แˆˆแ‰ฃแˆˆแ‰…แŠ”แ‹ แ‰ฅแ‹™ แˆบ แ‰ฅแˆฎแ‰ฝ แˆ‹แŠจแˆˆแ‰ต፡፡ แ‰ฃแˆˆแ‰…แŠ”แ‹แˆ แ‰ แˆฐแ‹แ‹ฌแ‹ แ‹ฐแŒแАแ‰ต แ‰ฐแŒˆแˆญแˆž แ‰ฐแ‰€แ‰ แˆˆ፡፡
แŠจแ‰ฅแ‹™ แ‹ˆแˆซแ‰ต แ‰ แŠ‹แˆ‹ แ‰ฃแˆˆ แ‰…แŠ”แ‹แŠ“ แ‹จแŠ แ‰ตแŠญแˆแ‰ต แ‰ฆแ‰ณแ‹ แ‰ฃแˆˆแ‰คแ‰ต แˆปแˆ‚ แ‰คแ‰ต แ‹แˆตแŒฅ แ‰ฐแŒˆแŠ“แŠ™፡፡
«แŠฅแŠ•แ‹ดแ‰ต แˆ†แАแˆแˆ…? แ‹จแŠ แ‰ตแŠญแˆแ‰ต แ‰ฆแ‰ณแˆ…แŠ• แˆธแŒฅแŠจแ‹?» แ‰ฅแˆŽ แ‰ฃแˆˆ แ‰…แŠ”แ‹ แŒ แ‹จแ‰€แ‹፡፡
«แŠ แˆแ‰ฐแˆธแŒ แˆ» แŠ แˆˆแŠ“ แ‰ฃแˆˆแ‰คแ‰ฑ แˆ˜แˆˆแˆฐ፡፡
«แˆ˜แ‰ผแˆ แ‹ซแŠ•แŠ• แ‹จแˆ˜แˆฐแˆˆ แˆ›แˆตแ‰ณแ‹ˆแ‰‚แ‹ซ แˆณแˆแŒจแˆแˆญแˆ แˆณแˆแ‰€แŠ•แˆตแˆ แˆ แˆญแ‰ผ แŒˆแ‹ฅแ‹Žแ‰ฝแŠ• แˆ˜แˆณแ‰ก แ‹จแ‰ฐแˆจแŒ‹แŒˆแŒ  แАแ‹» แŠ แˆˆ แ‰ฃแˆˆ แ‰…แŠ”แ‹፡፡
«แˆ‹แˆˆแˆ˜แˆธแŒก แ‹‹แŠ“แ‹ แˆแŠญแŠ•แ‹ซแ‰ตแŠฎ แˆ›แˆตแ‰ณแ‹ˆแ‰‚แ‹ซแ‹ แАแ‹» แŠ แˆˆแ‹ แ‰ฃแˆˆแ‰คแ‰ฑ แˆปแˆ‚แ‹แŠ• แ‰แ‰ต แ‰ฅแˆŽ แŠฅแ‹จแˆณแ‰€፡፡
«แŠฅแŠ•แ‹ดแ‰ต፤ แŠฅแŠฎ แŠฅแŠ•แ‹ดแ‰ต» แ‰ฃแˆˆแ‰…แŠ”แ‹ แŠฅแ‹จแŒ“แŒ“แˆ แŠฅแ‹จแ‹ฐแŒˆแŒ แˆ แ‹จแ‹ซแ‹˜แ‹แŠ• แ‹จแˆปแˆ‚ แˆตแŠ’ แ‰€แˆต แ‰ฅแˆŽ แŠ แˆตแ‰€แˆแŒฆ แ‹ˆแŠ•แ‰ แˆฉแŠ• แ‹ˆแ‹ฐ แŒ แˆจแŒฒแ‹›แ‹ แŠ แˆตแŒ แŒ‹፡፡
«แ‰ แŒ‹แ‹œแŒฃ แˆ‹แ‹ญ แ‹จแ‹ˆแŒฃแ‹แŠ• แˆ›แˆตแ‰ณแ‹ˆแ‰‚แ‹ซ แˆณแ‹จแ‹ แ‹จแ‰ฐแŒปแˆแ‹ แˆตแˆˆ แŠฅแŠ” แ‹จแŠ แ‰ตแŠญแˆแ‰ต แ‰ฆแ‰ณ แˆ˜แˆตแˆŽ แŠ แˆแ‰ณแ‹จแŠแˆ፡፡ แ‹ซแŠ•แŠ• แˆ›แˆตแ‰ณแ‹ˆแ‰‚แ‹ซ แ‹ญแ‹ค แŠฅแŠ•แ‹ฐ แŒˆแŠ“ แ‹ˆแ‹ฐ แŠ แ‰ตแŠญแˆแ‰ฑ แ‰ฆแ‰ณ แˆ„แ‹ตแŠฉ፡፡ แŠฅแ‹จแ‰ฐแ‹˜แ‹‹แ‹ˆแˆญแŠฉ แŠ แŠ•แ‰ฐ แ‰ แŒปแแŠจแ‹ แˆ˜แˆ แˆจแ‰ต แŠ แ‹จแˆแ‰ต፡፡ แŠฅแ‹แАแ‰ตแŠญแŠ• แАแ‹፡፡ แˆแŠ•แˆ แŠฉแˆธแ‰ตแˆ แˆ†แА แ‹ตแ‰…แˆธแ‰ต แ‹จแˆˆแ‹แˆ፡፡ แˆซแˆดแŠ• แ‹ˆแ‰€แˆตแŠฉแ‰ต፡፡ แŠฅแŠ•แ‹ดแ‰ต แŠฅแˆตแŠจแ‹›แˆฌ แŠฅแŠ•แ‹ฐแ‹šแˆ… แŠ แ‹ตแˆญแŒŒ แŠ แˆ‹แ‹จแˆแ‰ตแˆ ? แ‰ฅแ‹ฌ แ‰ฐแŠ“แ‹ฐแ‹ตแŠฉ፡፡ แ‰ แˆ˜แŒจแˆจแˆปแˆ แ‹ญแˆ…แŠ•แŠ• แ‹“แ‹ญแŠ• แ‹จแˆฐแŒ แŠธแŠแŠ• แŠ แŠ•แ‰ฐแŠ• แŠ แˆ˜แˆตแŒแŠœ แŠจแ‹แˆˆแ‰ณแ‰ฝแŠ• แ‰ แˆ‹แ‹ญ แ‰ฅแ‹™ แ‰ฅแˆญ แŠจแˆแˆแŠฉแˆ…፡፡ แ‹จแŠ แ‰ตแŠญแˆแ‰ต แ‰ฆแ‰ณแ‹แŠ• แˆ˜แˆธแŒคแŠ•แˆ แ‰ฐแ‹แŠฉแ‰ต፡፡ แ‹ญแŠผแ‹ แАแ‹ แˆแŠญแŠ•แ‹ซแ‰ฑ» แŠ แˆˆแ‹ แ‰ฃแˆˆแ‰คแ‰ฑ፡፡
แ‹จแ‰ฃแˆˆแ‰…แŠ”แ‹แˆ แŠแ‰ฑ แ‰ แ‹ฐแˆตแ‰ณ แˆแŠซ፡፡
«แ‰ แŠ แŠ•แ‰ฐ แŠฅแŠ“ แ‰ แŠฅแŠ” แˆ˜แŠซแŠจแˆ แ‹ซแˆˆแ‹แŠ• แˆแ‹ฉแАแ‰ต แ‹แ‹ˆแ‰…แŠจแ‹? แˆแ‹ฉแАแ‰ฑ แ‹ซแ‹จแАแ‹ แ‹จแŠ แ‰ตแŠญแˆแ‰ฑ แˆฅแแˆซ แŠ แ‹ญแ‹ฐแˆˆแˆ፡፡ แˆแˆˆแ‰ณแ‰ฝแŠ•แˆ แ‹ซแ‹จแАแ‹ แŠ แŠ•แ‹ต แ‹“แ‹ญแАแ‰ต แ‰ฆแ‰ณ แАแ‹፡፡ แˆแˆˆแ‰ณแ‰ฝแŠ•แŠ• แ‹จแˆˆแ‹ซแ‹จแŠ• แАแŒˆแˆฎแ‰ฝแŠ• แ‹ซแ‹จแŠ•แ‰ แ‰ต แˆ˜แŠ•แŒˆแ‹ต แАแ‹፡፡ แŠ แŠ•แ‰ฐ แ‰ แŠ แ‰ตแŠญแˆแ‰ต แˆฅแแˆซแ‹ แ‹แˆตแŒฅ แˆˆแˆšแŒˆแŠ™แ‰ต แ‹ฐแŠซแˆ› แАแŒˆแˆฎแ‰ฝ แ‰ฅแ‰ป แ‰ตแŠฉแˆจแ‰ต แŠฅแ‹จแˆฐแŒ แˆ… แАแ‰ แˆญ แ‹จแˆแ‰ณแ‹จแ‹፡፡ แŠฅแŠ” แ‹ฐแŒแˆž แ‰ แŠ แ‰ตแŠญแˆแ‰ต แˆฅแแˆซแ‹ แ‹แˆตแŒฅ แ‹ซแˆˆแ‹แŠ• แ‹แ‰ แ‰ต แАแ‹ แ‹ซแ‹จแˆแ‰ต፡፡» แŠ แˆˆแ‹ แ‰ฃแˆˆ แ‰…แŠ”แ‹፡፡
«แˆแŠญ แАแˆ…» แŠ แˆˆ แ‰ฃแˆˆ แŠ แ‰ตแŠญแˆแ‰ฑ፡፡ «แŠฅแŠ” แ‹ˆแŠ•แ‹™แŠ• แŠ แ‹ญแ‰ผแ‹‹แˆˆแˆ፤ แАแŒˆแˆญ แŒแŠ• แ‹จแ‹ณแŠญแ‹ฌแ‹Žแ‰นแŠ• แŠฅแŠ“ แ‹จแ”แˆŠแŠซแŠ–แ‰นแŠ• แ‰ตแˆญแ‹’แ‰ต แŠ แˆ‹แ‹จแˆแ‰ตแˆ፡፡ แ‹›แŽแ‰นแŠ• แŠ แ‹ญแ‰ปแ‰ธแ‹‹แˆˆแˆ፤ แŠจแŠ•แ‹แˆฑ แŒ‹แˆญ แ‰ฐแ‹‹แˆ•แ‹ฐแ‹ แ‹จแˆแŒ แˆฉแ‰ตแŠ• แ‹แ‹แ‹‹แ‹œ แŒแŠ• แŠ แˆ‹แ‹จแˆแ‰ตแˆ፡፡ แˆˆแ‰ฅแ‹™ แ‰€แŠ“แ‰ต แ‰ แŠ แ‰ตแŠญแˆแ‰ต แ‰ฆแ‰ณแ‹ แˆ‹แ‹ญ แˆ†แŠœ แ€แˆแ‹ญ แˆ˜แ‰ถแŠ›แˆ፡፡ แˆˆแˆ˜แŒ แˆˆแˆ แ‹›แŽแ‰น แˆฅแˆญ แŠฅแŒˆแ‰ฃ แАแ‰ แˆญ แŠฅแŠ•แŒ‚ แŠฅแŠ•แ‹ฐ แŠ แŠ•แ‰ฐ แŒแŠ• แ‹จแŒจแˆจแˆฉแŠ• แŠ แˆ˜แŒฃแŒฅ แŠ แˆ‹แ‹จแˆแ‰ตแˆ፡፡ แŠฅแŠ” แ‹ซแ‹จแˆแ‰ต แˆˆแŠ แ‰ตแŠญแˆแ‰ฑ แ‹จแˆ›แ‹ˆแŒฃแ‹แŠ• แ‹จแŒฅแ‰ แ‰ƒ፣ แ‹จแŠ แ‰ตแŠญแˆแ‰ฐแŠ› แŠฅแŠ“ แ‹จแŠชแˆซแ‹ญ แŒˆแŠ•แ‹˜แ‰ฅ แ‰ฅแ‰ป แАแ‹፡፡
«แˆˆแŠ” แ‹ซ แ‰ฆแ‰ณ แ‹จแŠ แ‰ตแŠญแˆแ‰ต แ‰ฆแ‰ณ แ‰ฅแ‰ป แАแ‰ แˆจ፡፡ แˆˆแŠ แŠ•แ‰ฐ แŒแŠ• แ‹จแˆ•แ‹ญแ‹ˆแ‰ต แŠฅแŠ“ แ‹จแ‹แ‰ แ‰ต แ‰ฆแ‰ณแˆ แŒญแˆแˆญ แˆ†แА፡፡ แŠฅแŠ” แ‹จแ‹ˆแ‹ณแ‹ฐแ‰แ‰ตแŠ• แ‹จแˆจแŒˆแ‰ แ‰…แŒ แˆŽแ‰ฝ แˆตแˆ˜แˆˆแŠจแ‰ต แŠ แŠ•แ‰ฐ แŒแŠ• แ‹จแ‰ฐแŠ•แˆณแˆแ‰แ‰ตแŠ• แˆ•แ‹ญแ‹ˆแ‰ต แ‹ซแˆ‹แ‰ธแ‹ แ‰…แŒ แˆŽแ‰ฝ แŠ แˆณแ‹จแŠธแŠ፡፡ แŠฅแŠ” แ‰ แ‹ฐแˆจแ‰ แ‹›แŽแ‰ฝ แˆตแ‰ แˆณแŒญ፤ แŠ แŠ•แ‰ฐ แŒแŠ• แŠจแ‹ฐแˆจแ‰… แ‹›แ แˆ‹แ‹ญ แ‹แ‰ แ‰ต แŠ แˆ˜แАแŒจแŠฝ፡፡
«แŠฅแŠ” แ‹ˆแŠ•แ‹™ แ‰ แŠ แ‰ตแŠญแˆแ‰ต แ‰ฆแ‰ณแ‹ แˆ˜แŠซแŠจแˆ แˆฒแ‹ซแˆแ แŒแˆซ แ‰€แŠ แ‹จแˆแŒ แˆจแ‹แŠ• แˆจแŒแˆจแŒ แŠฅแŠ“ แŒญแ‰ƒ แŠฅแŠ•แŒ‚ แ‰ แŠ แ‹ˆแˆซแˆจแ‹ฑ แˆ‹แ‹ญ แ‹ซแˆˆแ‹แŠ• แ‹แ‰ แ‰ต แˆˆแˆ›แ‹จแ‰ต แŠ แˆแ‰ณแ‹ฐแˆแŠฉแˆ፡፡ แŠฅแŠ” แ‰ แ‹จแŒŠแ‹œแ‹ แŠฅแ‹ซแ‹ฐแŒˆ แŠซแˆ‹แŒจแ‹ตแŠจแŠ แ‹จแˆšแˆˆแ‹ แˆฃแˆญ แŠ แˆตแˆ˜แˆจแˆจแŠ፡፡ แŠ แŠ•แ‰ฐ แŒแŠ• แˆฃแˆฉ แŠฅแŠ•แ‹ฐ แ‹ฐแ‰ฅแ‰ฐแˆซ แŒŽแŠ•แ‰ แˆต แ‰€แŠ“ แŠฅแ‹ซแˆˆ แˆฒแ‹˜แˆแˆ แŠ แ‹จแŠธแ‹፡፡ แŠ แ‹ฒแˆต แАแŒˆแˆญ แŠ แˆ‹แˆ˜แŒฃแŠธแˆ፤ แŠ แ‹ฒแˆต แ‹“แ‹ญแŠ• แŠฅแŠ•แŒ‚፡፡» แŠ แˆˆแ‹ แ‰ฃแˆˆ แŠ แ‰ตแŠญแˆแ‰ฑ แ‹จแˆปแˆ‚แ‹แŠ• แŒญแˆ‹แŒญ แŠ แŠ•แŒ แ‹แŒฅแŽ แˆŒแˆ‹ แˆˆแˆ›แ‹˜แ‹ แŠ แˆปแŒแˆฎ แŠฅแ‹ซแ‹จ፡፡
«แ‹ตแˆฎแˆแŠฎ แ‰ แ‹“แˆˆแˆ แˆ‹แ‹ญ แŠ แ‹ฒแˆต แ‹“แ‹ญแŠ• แŠฅแŠ•แŒ‚ แŠ แ‹ฒแˆต แАแŒˆแˆญ แ‹จแˆˆแˆ» แŠ แˆˆ แ‰ฃแˆˆ แ‰…แŠ”แ‹ แ‰ แŒฃแ‰ฑ แŒ แˆจแŒฒแ‹›แ‹ แˆ‹แ‹ญ แŠฅแ‹จแŒปแˆ፡፡
«แ‹“แ‹ญแŠ• แŠ แ‹ญแ‹ฐแˆ แ‹จแˆˆแ‹จแŠ•» แ‰ฃแˆˆ แŠ แ‰ตแŠญแˆแ‰ฑ แˆฃแ‰€፡፡
«แŠฅแˆญแˆฑ แ‰ฅแ‰ป แŠ แ‹ญแ‹ฐแˆˆแˆ» แŠ แˆˆ แ‹ฐแŒแˆž แ‰ฃแˆˆ แ‰…แŠ”แ‹ แ‰ แˆแˆˆแ‰ต แˆ˜แ‹ณแ‰ แŠ แŒˆแŒฉแŠ• แ‹ฐแŒแŽ፡«แ‹จแ‰†แˆแŠ•แ‰ แ‰ต แ‰ฆแ‰ณแˆ แ‹ญแˆˆแ‹ซแ‹ซแˆ፡፡ แŠจแˆ•แ‹ญแ‹ˆแ‰ต แˆ‹แ‹ญ แ‰†แˆ˜แˆ… แˆžแ‰ตแŠ• แˆตแ‰ณแ‹ญ แŠฅแŠ“ แŠจแˆžแ‰ต แˆ‹แ‹ญ แ‰†แˆ˜แˆ… แˆ•แ‹ญแ‹ˆแ‰ตแŠ• แˆตแ‰ณแ‹ญ แ‹ญแˆˆแ‹ซแ‹ซแˆ፡፡ แˆˆแŠฅแ‹แАแ‰ต แ‹จแˆšแˆžแ‰ฑ แˆฐแˆ›แ‹•แ‰ณแ‰ต แ‰ แˆžแ‰ณแ‰ธแ‹ แ‰€แŠ• แŠแ‰ณแ‰ธแ‹ แŠฅแŠ•แ‹ฐแˆแŠซ፤ แŒˆแŒปแ‰ธแ‹ แŠฅแŠ•แ‹ณแ‰ แˆซ แ‰ แ‹ฐแˆตแ‰ณ แ‹จแˆžแ‰ตแŠ• แŒฝแ‹‹แ‹• แˆˆแˆแŠ• แ‹ญแŒŽแАแŒฉแ‰ณแˆ? แˆแŠญแŠ•แ‹ซแ‰ฑแˆ แŠฅแАแˆญแˆฑ แ‰ แˆ•แ‹ญแ‹ˆแ‰ต แˆ‹แ‹ญ แˆ†แАแ‹ แˆžแ‰ตแŠ• แˆตแˆˆแˆšแ‹ซแ‹ฉแ‰ต แ‹จแˆžแ‰ต แˆ˜แŠจแˆซแ‹ แˆณแ‹ญแˆ†แŠ• แ‹แ‰ แ‰ฑ แ‹ญแ‰ณแ‹ซแ‰ธแ‹‹แˆ፤ แˆแˆฃแˆฉ แˆณแ‹ญแˆ†แŠ• แŠญแ‰ฅแˆฉ แ‹ญแ‰ณแ‹ซแ‰ธแ‹‹แˆ» แŠ แŠ•แŒˆแ‰ฑแŠ• แ‹ˆแ‹ฐแŠแ‰ต แˆ แŒˆแŒ แŠ แ‹ฐแˆจแŒˆ፡፡
«แ‹ญแ‰ฐแŠ•แ‰ฐแŠ•แˆแŠ» แŠ แˆˆ แ‰ฃแˆˆ แŠ แ‰ตแŠญแˆแ‰ฑ แ‰ฐแŒจแˆ›แˆชแ‹แŠ• แˆปแˆ‚ แŠฅแ‹ซแ‹˜แ‹˜፡፡ แ‰ฃแˆˆ แ‰…แŠ”แ‹แˆ แ‹ฐแŒˆแˆ˜፡፡
«แŠ แŠ•แ‹ตแŠ• แАแŒˆแˆญ แ‰ แแ‰…แˆญ แˆ‹แ‹ญ แˆ†แАแˆ… แŠฅแŠ“ แ‰ แŒฅแˆ‹แ‰ป แˆ‹แ‹ญ แˆ†แАแˆ…፤ แ‰ แ‹ฐแˆตแ‰ณ แˆ‹แ‹ญ แˆ†แАแˆ… แŠฅแŠ“ แ‰ แŠ€แ‹˜แŠ• แˆ‹แ‹ญ แˆ†แАแˆ…፤ แ‰ แ‰ฅแˆญแˆƒแŠ• แˆ‹แ‹ญ แ‰†แˆ˜แˆ… แŠฅแŠ“ แŒจแˆˆแˆ› แˆ‹แ‹ญ แ‰†แˆ˜แˆ… แˆตแ‰ณแ‹จแ‹ แ‹จแˆšแŠ–แˆญแˆ… แˆฅแ‹•แˆ แ‹ญแˆˆแ‹ซแ‹ซแˆ፡፡ แ‹แ‰ แ‰ต แ‹ซแˆˆแ‹แŠฎ แ‰ แˆแ‰ณแ‹จแ‹ แАแŒˆแˆญ แˆ‹แ‹ญ แŠ แ‹ญแ‹ฐแˆˆแˆ፤ แ‹“แ‹ญแŠ•แˆ… แˆ‹แ‹ญ แАแ‹፡፡ แˆแ‰กแŠ“แˆ… แ‹แˆตแŒฅ แАแ‹፡፡»
«แŠ แŠ•แ‹ต แАแŒˆแˆญ แŠ แˆตแ‰ณแ‹ˆแˆตแŠจแŠ» แŠ แˆˆ แ‰ฃแˆˆ แŠ แ‰ตแŠญแˆแ‰ฑ፡፡
«แŠ แŠ•แ‹ต แ‹ˆแ‹ณแŒ… แŠ แˆˆแŠ፡፡ แŠฅแŠ” แŠจแˆฅแˆซ แ‰ฆแ‰ณแ‹ฌ แ‹ˆแ‹ฐ แ‰คแ‰ด แˆตแŒˆแ‰ฃ แŠฅแˆญแˆฑแŠ• แ‹ˆแ‹ฐ แ‹แŒญ แˆฒแ‹ˆแŒฃ แŠ แŒˆแŠ˜แ‹‹แˆˆแˆ፡፡ แАแŒˆแˆฉ แˆฒแ‹ฐแŒ‹แŒˆแˆแ‰ฅแŠ แŒŠแ‹œ แŠ แŠ•แ‹ต แ‰€แŠ• แŒ แ‹จแ‰…แŠฉแ‰ต፡፡ แˆแˆŒ แˆ›แ‰ณ แˆ›แ‰ณ แŠจแˆฅแˆซ แ‹ˆแ‹ฐ แ‰คแ‰ต แˆณแ‹ญแˆ†แŠ• แŠจแˆฅแˆซ แ‹ˆแ‹ฐ แˆ˜แˆธแ‰ณ แ‰คแ‰ต แˆˆแˆแŠ• แ‰ตแˆ„แ‹ณแˆˆแˆ…? แŠ แˆแŠฉแ‰ต፡፡ แ‰คแ‰ด แŠ แˆตแŒ แˆ‹แŠ แŠ แˆˆแŠ፡፡ แ‰ แˆฆแˆตแ‰ฐแŠ›แ‹ แ‰€แŠ• แŠ แ‰ฅแˆจแŠ• แ‰คแ‰ฑ แˆ„แ‹ตแŠ•፡፡
«แ‹จแ‹ˆแˆญแ‰… แแˆแ‰ƒแ‰‚ แ‹จแˆ˜แˆฐแˆ‰ แˆแŒ†แ‰ฝ แŠ แˆ‰แ‰ต፡፡ แ‰ฃแˆˆแ‰คแ‰ฑ แ‰ตแЁแ‰ต แŠฅแŠ“ แ‰ฃแˆˆแˆžแ‹ซ แŠ“แ‰ต፡፡ แ‹จแ‰คแ‰ต แŠ แ‹ซแ‹ซแ‹แ‹‹ แ‰คแ‰ฑแŠ• แ‰คแ‰ฐ แˆ˜แŠ•แŒแˆฅแ‰ต แŠ แˆตแˆ˜แˆตแˆŽแ‰ณแˆ፡፡ แ‹จแ‹•แ‰ƒแ‹Žแ‰น แŠ แ‹ฐแˆซแ‹ฐแˆญ แˆŠแ‰ƒแ‹แŠ•แ‰ฐ แ‹จแ‰ฐแŒ แ‰ แ‰กแ‰ แ‰ต แŠฅแŠ•แŒ‚ แ‰ฅแ‰ปแ‹‹แŠ• แ‹ซแ‹ฐแˆจแŒˆแ‰ธแ‹ แŠ แ‹ญแˆ˜แˆตแˆแˆ፡፡ แ‹ซแ‰€แˆจแ‰ แ‰ฝแˆแŠ• แˆแŒแ‰ฅ แˆณแ‰ตแ‰ แˆ‹แ‹ แ‰ แŠ แ‰€แˆซแˆจแ‰ก แ‰ฅแ‰ป แ‰ตแŒ แŒแ‰ฃแˆˆแˆ…፡፡
«แˆแŠ‘ แАแ‹ แ‰คแ‰ตแˆ… แ‹ซแˆตแŒ แˆ‹แˆ…? แŠ แˆแŠฉแ‰ต፡፡ แ‹ซแ‹จแˆแ‰ตแŠ• แАแŒˆแˆญ แˆตแАแŒแˆจแ‹ แˆตแˆˆ แŠฅแˆญแˆฑ แ‰คแ‰ต แ‹จแˆแАแŒแˆจแ‹ แŠ แ‹ญแˆ˜แˆตแˆˆแ‹แˆ แАแ‰ แˆญ፡፡ แŠฅแˆญแˆฑ แ‰คแ‰ฑแŠ• แŠฅแŠ•แŒ‚ แ‹จแ‰คแ‰ฑแŠ• แ‹แˆญแ‹แˆญ แŠ แ‹ญแ‰ถแ‰ต แŠ แ‹ซแ‹แ‰…แˆ፡፡ แˆแˆณ แˆ˜แ‰ฅแˆ‹แ‰ฑแŠ• แŠฅแŠ•แŒ‚ แŠ แ‰€แˆซแˆจแ‰กแŠ•፣ แŠ แ‹ˆแŒฃแŒกแŠ• แŠฅแŠ“ แŠ แ‹˜แŒˆแŒƒแŒ€แ‰ฑแŠ• แŠ แ‹ตแŠ•แ‰†แ‰ต แŠ แ‹ซแ‹แ‰…แˆ፡፡ แˆ˜แŒ€แˆ˜แˆญแ‹ซแ‹แŠ‘ แ‰คแ‰ฑ แ‹ซแ‹ แАแ‹ แ‰ฅแˆŽ แŠ แˆแŠ—แˆ፡፡ แˆตแˆˆแ‹šแˆ…แˆ แˆแŠ•แˆ แАแŒˆแˆญ แŠ แ‹ญแ‰ณแ‹จแ‹แˆ፡፡ แˆˆแˆ›แ‹จแ‰ต แŠ แˆแ‰ฐแ‹˜แŒ‹แŒ€แˆ›፡፡» แ‰ฃแˆˆ แŠ แ‰ตแŠญแˆแ‰ฑ แŠจแˆปแˆ‚แ‹ แ‰ฐแŒŽแАแŒจแˆˆแ‰ต፡፡
«แˆˆแ‹šแˆ…แŠฎ แАแ‹ แАแŒˆแˆฎแ‰ฝแŠ• แŠฅแŠ•แ‹ตแŠ•แŒ แˆ‹፣ แŠฅแŠ•แ‹ตแŠ•แŠ•แ‰…፣ แŠฅแŠ•แ‹ตแŠ“แˆ›แˆญแˆญ แŠฅแŠ“ แŠฅแŠ•แ‹ตแŠ•แˆฐแˆˆแ‰ฝ፣ แŠจแˆšแ‹ซแ‹ฐแˆญแŒ‰แŠ• แˆแŠญแŠ•แ‹ซแ‰ถแ‰ฝ แŠ แŠ•แ‹ฑ แ‹จแˆแŠ“แ‹ญแ‰ แ‰ต แŠ แ‰ฐแ‹ซแ‹ญ แАแ‹ แ‹จแˆšแ‰ฃแˆˆแ‹፡፡ แŠฅแŠ› แ‹จแˆฐแˆˆแ‰ธแŠ•แŠ•፣ แ‹จแˆแŠ“แˆ›แˆญแˆจแ‹แŠ• แŠฅแŠ“ แ‹ซแˆตแŒ แˆ‹แŠ•แŠ• แ‰คแ‰ต แˆŒแˆŽแ‰ฝ แˆ˜แŒฅแ‰ฐแ‹ แˆฒแ‹ซแ‹ฉแ‰ต แˆฐแ แ‹ญแˆ‰แˆˆแ‰ณแˆ፡፡ แ‹ญแŒ“แŒ‰แˆˆแ‰ณแˆ፡፡ แŠฅแŠ› แŠ แ‰ƒแ‰‚แˆญ แ‹จแˆแŠ“แ‹ˆแŒฃแˆˆแ‰ตแŠ• แŠฅแАแˆญแˆฑ แ‰…แŠ” แ‹ญแ‰€แŠ™แˆˆแ‰ณแˆ፡፡ แŠฅแŠ› แ‹จแˆแŠ“แˆพแแ‰ แ‰ตแŠ• แŠฅแАแˆญแˆฑ แ‹แ‹ณแˆด แ‹ซแ‹˜แŠ•แ‰กแˆˆแ‰ณแˆ፡፡ แŠฅแŠ› แ‹ซแ‰…แˆˆแˆธแˆˆแˆธแŠ•แŠ• แŠฅแАแˆญแˆฑ แ‹ญแ‰€แŠ‘แ‰ แ‰ณแˆ፡፡ แˆแ‹ฉแАแ‰ฑ แŠจแŠ แˆตแ‰ฐ แ‹ซแ‹ซแ‰ณแ‰ฝแŠ• แАแ‹፡፡
«แŠ แ‹ซแˆŒ แ‰ฃแˆˆแ‰ตแ‹ณแˆฎแ‰ฝ แ‰ตแ‹ณแˆซแ‰ธแ‹ แŠฅแŠ“ แ‹จแ‰ตแ‹ณแˆญ แŠ แŒ‹แˆซแ‰ธแ‹ แ‹จแˆšแˆฐแˆˆแ‰ปแ‰ธแ‹ แ‰ แŠฅแ‹แАแ‰ฑ แАแŒˆแˆฉ แŠ แˆฐแˆแ‰ฝ แ‰ แˆ˜แˆ†แŠ‘ แ‰ฅแ‰ป แˆ‹แ‹ญแˆ†แŠ• แ‹ญแ‰ฝแˆ‹แˆ፡፡ แ‹จแˆšแ‹ซแ‹ฉแ‰ แ‰ต แ‹“แ‹ญแŠ• แŒ‰แ‹ณแ‹ญ แАแ‹፡፡ แ‰ แ‰คแ‰ณแ‰ธแ‹ แ‹แˆตแŒฅ แˆแŠ•แ‹ตแŠ• แАแ‹ แ‹จแˆšแ‹ซแ‹ฉแ‰ต? แАแ‹ แŒฅแ‹ซแ‰„แ‹፡፡ แ‰ แ‰คแ‰ฑ แ‹แˆตแŒฅ แŠจแˆšแ‹ซแŠ“แ‹ตแ‹ฐแ‹፣ แŠจแˆšแ‹ซแˆตแŒ แˆ‹แ‹ แŠฅแŠ“ แŠจแˆšแ‹ซแˆตแˆ˜แˆญแˆจแ‹ แАแŒˆแˆญ แ‹ญแˆแ‰… แ‹จแˆšแ‹ซแˆต แ‹ฐแˆตแ‰ฐแ‹แŠ•፣ แ‹จแˆšแ‹ซแˆจแŠซแ‹แŠ• แŠฅแŠ“ แАแแˆตแŠ• แ‰ แˆแˆดแ‰ต แ‹จแˆšแˆžแˆ‹แ‹แŠ• แАแŒˆแˆญ แˆ›แ‹จแ‰ต แˆˆแˆแŠ• แŠ แ‹ญแŒ€แˆแˆฉแˆ? แˆšแˆตแ‰ด แ‹ซแ‹ แˆšแˆตแ‰ด แŠ“แ‰ต፤ แ‰ฃแˆŒแˆ แ‹ซแ‹ แ‰ฃแˆŒ แАแ‹ แ‰ฅแˆˆแ‹แŠฎ แАแ‹ แ‹จแˆšแ‹ซแˆตแ‰กแ‰ต፡፡
«แŠ แŠ•แ‹ณแŠ•แ‹ถแ‰นแˆ› แŠฅแАแˆญแˆฑ แ‹ซแˆ‹แ‹ฉแ‰ตแŠ• แ‹จแ‰ตแ‹ณแˆญ แŠ แŒ‹แˆซแ‰ธแ‹แŠ• แ‹แ‰ แ‰ต แˆŒแˆ‹แ‹ แ‹ซแ‹จแ‹แŠ“ แˆ˜แˆ›แˆˆแˆ แˆฒแŒ€แˆแˆญ แАแ‹ แ‹ซแˆแ‰ณแ‹ซแ‰ธแ‹แŠ• แ‹แ‰ แ‰ต แˆ›แ‹จแ‰ต แ‹จแˆšแŒ€แˆแˆฉแ‰ต፡፡ แˆˆแŠซ แŠฅแŠ•แ‹ฒแˆ… แАแ‰ แˆจ แˆ›แˆˆแ‰ต แ‹จแˆšแŒ€แˆแˆฉแ‰ต፡፡»
«แˆแŠ• แŠฅแˆญแˆฑ แ‰ฅแ‰ป» แŠ แˆ‰ แ‰ฃแˆˆ แŠ แ‰ตแŠญแˆแ‰ฑ፡፡ «แŠ แˆแŠ• แˆณแˆตแ‰ แ‹แˆ› แ‰ แˆ€แŒˆแˆญ แˆ‹แ‹ญ แ‹ซแˆˆแ‹ แ‰ฝแŒแˆญแˆ แ‹ญแŠผแ‹ แАแ‹፡፡ แˆˆแˆ˜แˆ†แŠ‘ แ‹จแ‰ต แˆ‹แ‹ญ แ‰†แˆ˜แˆ… แАแ‹ แ‰ฃแˆ…แˆแˆ…แŠ•፣ แŠฅแˆแАแ‰ตแˆ…แŠ•፣ แ‰…แˆญแˆตแˆ…แŠ•፣ แˆ›แŠ•แАแ‰ตแˆ…แŠ•፣ แ‰ณแˆชแŠญแˆ…แŠ• แ‹จแˆแ‰ณแ‹จแ‹? แ‹ญแŠผแŠฎ แ‹ˆแˆณแŠ แАแ‹፡፡ แŠฅแˆตแŠช แ‰ฐแˆ˜แˆแŠจแ‰ต แŠฅแŠ› แ‹จแˆแŠ•แŠ•แ‰ƒแ‰ธแ‹แŠ•፤ แŠ แ‹ญแ‰ฐแŠ“แ‰ธแ‹ แ‹จแˆ›แŠ“แ‹แ‰ƒแ‰ธแ‹แŠ•፤ แŠจแ‰แˆ แАแŒˆแˆญ แ‹ซแˆแ‰†แŒ แˆญแŠ“แ‰ธแ‹แŠ• แАแŒˆแˆฎแ‰ฝ แˆŒแˆŽแ‰ฝ แŠจแˆฉแ‰… แˆ˜แŒฅแ‰ฐแ‹ แˆ˜แŒฝแˆแ แŒฝแˆแ‹፣ แŠแˆแˆ แˆ แˆญแ‰ฐแ‹፣ แ‹˜แŒˆแ‰ฃ แŠ แ‹˜แŒ‹แŒ…แ‰ฐแ‹ แ‰ แˆšแ‹ฒแ‹ซ แˆฒแ‹ซแ‰€แˆญแ‰กแ‰ต แŠฅแŠ•แŒˆแˆจแˆ›แˆˆแŠ•፡፡ แŠฅแŠ› แ‹ซแˆ‹แ‹จแАแ‹แŠ• แŠฅแŠ› แŠฅแАแˆญแˆฑ แ‹ซแ‹ฉแˆแŠ“แˆ፡፡ แ‹จแŠ“แ‰…แАแ‹แŠ• แ‹ซแŠจแ‰ฅแˆฉแ‰ณแˆ፡፡ แ‹จแŒฃแˆ แАแ‹แŠ• แ‹ซแАแˆกแ‰ณแˆ፡፡
«แ‰ฝแŒแˆฉ แŠฅแŠ•แ‹ณแˆแŠจแ‹ แ‹จแŒ‰แ‹ณแ‹ฉ แˆ˜แŠ–แˆญ แŠ แˆˆแˆ˜แŠ–แˆญ แŠ แ‹ญแ‹ฐแˆˆแˆ፤ แŠ แ‰ฐแ‹ซแ‹ซแ‰ฝแŠ• แАแ‹፡፡ แ‹จแ‹“แ‹ญแŠ• แŒ‰แ‹ณแ‹ญ แАแ‹፡፡ แŠฅแŠ› แˆˆแ‰ณแ‰ฆแ‰ฐ แŒฝแ‹ฎแŠ• แŠจแˆแŠ•แˆฐแŒ แ‹ แŠญแ‰ฅแˆญ แ‰ แˆ‹แ‹ญ แŠฅแАแˆญแˆฑ แˆˆแŠ แŠ•แ‹ต แ‹จแŒฅแŠ•แ‰ต แ‰ฅแˆญแŒญแ‰† แ‹ญแˆฐแŒฃแˆ‰፡፡ แˆˆแˆแŠ•? แŠฅแŠ› แˆซแˆณแ‰ฝแŠ•แŠ• แ‰ แŠ•แ‰€แ‰ต แŠ แˆแ‰ฃ แˆ‹แ‹ญ แ‰†แˆ˜แŠ• แАแ‹ แ‹จแˆแŠ“แ‹จแ‹፤ แŠฅแАแˆญแˆฑ แŒแŠ• แˆซแˆณแ‰ธแ‹แŠ• แ‰ แŠญแ‰ฅแˆญ แŠ แˆแ‰ฃ แˆ‹แ‹ญ แ‰†แˆ˜แ‹ แАแ‹ แ‹จแˆšแ‹ซแ‹ฉแ‰ต፡

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